What Does Acid Reflux Feel Like?

Acid reflux, medically referred to as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a prevalent condition that affects many individuals worldwide. Understanding the sensations and symptoms associated with acid reflux can help you take preemptive measures. 

Read on to find out more, including GERD treatment options in Singapore.

Heartburn

One of the most well-known symptoms of acid reflux is heartburn. Despite its worrisome name, the condition is not related to the heart. Instead, it refers to a burning sensation in the chest, often felt just behind the breastbone. This discomfort can vary from mild to severe in its intensity, and typically occurs after eating or when lying down. The burning sensation is caused by stomach acid flowing back into the oesophagus, irritating its lining.

Heartburn can be sporadic for some people, triggered by specific foods or activities, while others might experience it more frequently. Foods that are spicy, fatty, or acidic are common culprits, as well as beverages like coffee and alcohol. Eating large meals or lying down right after eating can also provoke heartburn. For those suffering from chronic heartburn, it is important to identify and avoid these triggers to manage symptoms effectively to avoid long term damage to your body.

Regurgitation

Regurgitation is another common symptom of acid reflux. It involves the sensation of stomach acid or undigested food rising back up into the throat or mouth. Regurgitation can leave a sour or bitter taste, which can also be quite unpleasant. This condition often occurs with heartburn but can also happen independently.

The experience of regurgitation can vary from person to person. Some individuals might only notice a slight rise of stomach contents that barely reaches the back of the throat, while others might feel a significant amount of acidic fluid reaching their mouth. This can lead to a persistent feeling of nausea and discomfort, as well as an urge to clear the throat or cough.

Regurgitation often occurs after meals, particularly large or heavy ones. Specific foods and beverages, such as spicy foods, citrus fruits, chocolate, coffee, and alcohol, are known to trigger regurgitation in many individuals. Lying down or bending over shortly after eating can also exacerbate this symptom, as these positions make it easier for stomach contents to travel back up the oesophagus.

Bitter or sour taste

A bitter or sour taste in the mouth is a common symptom of acid reflux, often linked to regurgitation. This unpleasant taste can linger, affecting the enjoyment of food and drink. It occurs when stomach acid reaches the back of the throat or mouth, creating a sour or bitter flavour.

This symptom can be particularly bothersome at night or after meals, and can also contribute to bad breath, which can make things socially uncomfortable. Managing this symptom involves dietary changes and medications that reduce stomach acid production.

Chest Pain

Chest pain associated with acid reflux can be alarming, as it might be mistaken for a heart attack. However, the pain from acid reflux is usually more of a burning sensation rather than the crushing pain associated with cardiac issues. This pain is caused by the irritation of the oesophagus by stomach acid.

The chest pain from acid reflux can vary in intensity and duration. It might last for just a few minutes or persist for several hours. Activities such as bending over or lying down can exacerbate the pain. While chest pain from acid reflux is not usually dangerous, it can significantly impact quality of life and should be addressed to prevent complications.

Difficulty Swallowing

Difficulty swallowing, or dysphagia, can be a distressing symptom of acid reflux. It occurs when the oesophagus becomes inflamed due to repeated exposure to stomach acid, making it hard to swallow food or liquids. This can lead to a sensation of food being stuck in the throat or chest.

Dysphagia can cause discomfort and anxiety, particularly during meals. It might also lead to weight loss or malnutrition if the difficulty in swallowing persists and affects one's ability to consume enough nutrients. If you experience this symptom, it is crucial to seek medical advice to prevent further complications.

Excessive Burping

Excessive burping can also be a sign of acid reflux. When acid reflux occurs, the stomach acid can stimulate the nerves in the oesophagus, leading to an increased production of gas. This gas needs to escape, resulting in frequent burping.

Burping itself is a normal bodily function, but when it becomes excessive, it can be uncomfortable and embarrassing. It might also be accompanied by other symptoms like bloating and nausea. Identifying and avoiding foods that trigger excessive burping can help manage this symptom.

When to See a Doctor?

While occasional acid reflux is common and usually not a cause for concern, persistent or severe symptoms should prompt a visit to a doctor. Chronic acid reflux can lead to complications such as oesophagitis (inflammation of the oesophagus), strictures (narrowing of the oesophagus), or Barrett's oesophagus (a precancerous condition). These conditions may occur with chronic acid reflux, and should not be taken lightly as they can lead to life-threatening conditions. 

You should see a GERD specialist if you experience acid reflux symptoms more than twice a week, if symptoms persist despite over-the-counter treatments, or if you have difficulty swallowing, unexplained weight loss, or persistent nausea and vomiting. Additionally, if you experience chest pain that is severe or accompanied by shortness of breath, seek medical attention immediately to rule out heart-related issues.

Acid Reflux Treatment in Singapore

In Singapore, various treatment options are available for managing acid reflux. These range from lifestyle modifications to medications and, in severe cases, surgical interventions.

Lifestyle Modifications: One of the first steps in managing acid reflux is making lifestyle changes. These include eating smaller meals, avoiding trigger foods, not lying down immediately after eating, and maintaining a healthy weight. Elevating the head of the bed can also help prevent nighttime symptoms.

Medications: Over-the-counter antacids can provide quick relief by neutralising stomach acid. H2 blockers and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are other medications that reduce acid production and are available both over-the-counter and by prescription. These medications can be effective in reducing symptoms and promoting healing of the oesophagus.

Surgical Interventions: For those who do not respond to medications or have severe complications, surgical options such as fundoplication may be considered. This procedure involves wrapping the top of the stomach around the lower oesophagus to strengthen the valve between the oesophagus and stomach, preventing acid reflux.

Acid reflux can become chronic and have long-term health implications for you. Having a specialist with you to assess, diagnose and treat acid reflux is crucial in ensuring a better quality of life for you.

If you need help with acid reflux, The Colorectal Clinic is here to help you. We have years of experience helping patients with this condition. Book an appointment with our GERD specialist today.